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Carol J Peden, Tim Stephens, Graham Martin, Brennan C Kahan, Ann Thomson, Kirsty Everingham, David Kocman, Jose Lourtie, Sharon Drake, Alan Girling, Richard Lilford, Kate Rivett, Duncan Wells, Ravi Mahajan, Peter Holt, Fan Yang, Simon Walker, Gerry Richardson, Sally Kerry, Iain Anderson, Dave Murray, David Cromwell, Mandeep Phull, Mike PW Grocott, Julian Bion & Rupert M Pearse.

Carol J Peden ¹, Tim Stephens ², Graham Martin ³, Brennan C Kahan ⁴, Ann Thomson ⁴, Kirsty Everingham ², David Kocman ³, Jose Lourtie ⁵, Sharon Drake ⁵, Alan Girling ⁶, Richard Lilford ⁷, Kate Rivett ⁸, Duncan Wells ⁹, Ravi Mahajan ¹⁰, Peter Holt ¹¹, Fan Yang ¹², Simon Walker ¹², Gerry Richardson ¹², Sally Kerry ⁴, Iain Anderson ¹³, Dave Murray ¹⁴, David Cromwell ¹⁵, Mandeep Phull ^2,16, Mike PW Grocott ^17,18, Julian Bion ¹⁹, Rupert M Pearse ^2,*, ^†

¹ Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
² William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
³ Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
⁴ Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
⁵ Royal College of Anaesthetists, London, UK
⁶ Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
⁷ Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
⁸ Patient representative, London, UK
⁹ Patient representative, Buckinghamshire, UK
¹⁰ Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
¹¹ Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George’s University of London, London, UK
¹² Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
¹³ Salford Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
¹⁴ South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK
¹⁵ London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
¹⁶ Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Queen’s Hospital, Romford, UK
¹⁷ National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
¹⁸ Anaesthesia and Critical Care Research Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
¹⁹ Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
^* Corresponding author Email: pearse@qmul.ac.uk
^† Trial group membership listed in Appendix 1